Kokusai Ki-202 Kai 'Goryō' (御霊) of 4th Sentai, 3rd Hikotai; Ozaki AB, April 1946

[Dizzyfugu]

1:72 Kokusai Ki-202 Kai 'Goryō' (御霊); 4th Sentai, 3rd Hikotai; Ozaki AB (Yamaguchi Prefecture), Japan; April 1946 (Whif/Kitbashing/Luft '46) by dizzyfugu, on Flickr

1:72 Kokusai Ki-202 Kai 'Goryō' (御霊); 4th Sentai, 3rd Hikotai; Ozaki AB (Yamaguchi Prefecture), Japan; April 1946 (Whif/Kitbashing/Luft '46) by dizzyfugu, on Flickr


Some background:
Both Imperial Japanese Army and Navy Aviation (IJA and IJN, respectively) were very aware of the developments of jet engines, esp. through close contact with Germany and mutual exchange of blueprints and even hardware. But it was the IJN which basically drove jet-powered aircraft, e. g. through the Kyūshū J7W2 Shinden or Nakajima J9Y1 Kikka fighters.

The IJA was far behind schedule. Its primary jet projects had been conversions of existing, piston-engine-driven bomber types, but the increasing threat through high and fast incoming B-29 bombers, as well as the potential danger of even faster, jet-powered types, stirred the development of fast and agile interceptors with a heavy armament.

1:72 Kokusai Ki-202 Kai 'Goryō' (御霊); 4th Sentai, 3rd Hikotai; Ozaki AB (Yamaguchi Prefecture), Japan; April 1946 (Whif/Kitbashing/Luft '46) by dizzyfugu, on Flickr

1:72 Kokusai Ki-202 Kai 'Goryō' (御霊); 4th Sentai, 3rd Hikotai; Ozaki AB (Yamaguchi Prefecture), Japan; April 1946 (Whif/Kitbashing/Luft '46) by dizzyfugu, on Flickr


Since no such indigenous design existed (the IJA rejected the logical option to adapt an IJN types!), German engineers and design had a strong impact on what was to become the Ki-202 - a parallel development to the two-engined, heavier Ki-201 "Karyu", which resembled much the German Me 262.

The Ki-202 was developed by the Nippon Kokusai Koku Kogyo in a very short time frame: initial work started in late 1944, and the prototype was ready in summer 1945. The Ki-202 was  regarded as a light, dedicated interceptor for spot defence, which should be produced in large numbers and with less investment of sparse resources and work labor per unit than the Karyu.

The Ki-202 was a very compact and simple aircraft. Outwardly it bore a striking resemblance to Kurt Tank's Ta 183 "Huckebein" jet fighter that had been under development in Germany since 1942, but the Ki-202 was much more simplified, both concerning construction and aerodynamics, as it was so direly needed and, beyond the jet engine, no big development risk was to be dared.

1:72 Kokusai Ki-202 Kai 'Goryō' (御霊); 4th Sentai, 3rd Hikotai; Ozaki AB (Yamaguchi Prefecture), Japan; April 1946 (Whif/Kitbashing/Luft '46) by dizzyfugu, on Flickr

1:72 Kokusai Ki-202 Kai 'Goryō' (御霊); 4th Sentai, 3rd Hikotai; Ozaki AB (Yamaguchi Prefecture), Japan; April 1946 (Whif/Kitbashing/Luft '46) by dizzyfugu, on Flickr


For instance, in order to avoid trouble with swept wings (which had not been incorporated in Japanese aircraft design yet, even though some wind tunnel test results already existed, as well as scientific input from Germany), the Ki-202 featured straight wings with a laminar-flow profile. The tail section was also different from the Ta 183: instead of the Ta 183's highly swept tail fin and a T-tail arrangement, the Ki-202 featured a relatively slender, staright tail boom above the jet exhaust, carrying a conventional stabilizer arrangement with only moderate sweep.

The fuselage resembled much Hans Multhopp's Ta 183, with a nose air intake, the pressurized cockpit placed above the air duct. The cockpot featured a frameless bubble canopy with an armored windscreen that offered an excellent field of view. Another novelty for the IJA was a tricycle landing gear that retracted into the lower fuselage. The engine (initially a single Ishikawajima Ne-20 turbojet, rated at 4.66 kN/475 kgf) filled the whole lower fuselage half. It lay between the main landing gear wells, with fuel cells above them and in the wing roots.

1:72 Kokusai Ki-202 Kai 'Goryō' (御霊); 4th Sentai, 3rd Hikotai; Ozaki AB (Yamaguchi Prefecture), Japan; April 1946 (Whif/Kitbashing/Luft '46) by dizzyfugu, on Flickr

1:72 Kokusai Ki-202 Kai 'Goryō' (御霊); 4th Sentai, 3rd Hikotai; Ozaki AB (Yamaguchi Prefecture), Japan; April 1946 (Whif/Kitbashing/Luft '46) by dizzyfugu, on Flickr


The aircraft had a rather stubby appearance, but turned out to be easy to handle and highly agile. Its weak spot was the Ne-20 engine, which was based on the German BMW 003 turbojet. Its low power output limited the Ki-202's performance so much that the initial prototypes (two were built) could only take off with reduced fuel - in fact, one of these machines was lost when it overrun the runway and crashed beyond repair.

Hence, only basic flight testing without any military equipment on board could be done until April 1945, and after the starting crash the other prototype was actually towed into the air, where it would, at safe height, power up its engine and perform a very limited test program.
When it became available in May 1945, a slightly uprated Ne-20-Kai engine was installed, but this measure hardly made the aircraft suitable to serious military service.

Things changed dramatically with the introduction of the much improved Ne-230 and Ne-330 engines. The latter had a thrust rating at 12.75 kN/1.300 kgf of thrust - nearly three times of what the early Ne-20 could deliver and close to the German 2nd generation Heinkel HeS 011 turbojet.

1:72 Kokusai Ki-202 Kai 'Goryō' (御霊); 4th Sentai, 3rd Hikotai; Ozaki AB (Yamaguchi Prefecture), Japan; April 1946 (Whif/Kitbashing/Luft '46) by dizzyfugu, on Flickr

1:72 Kokusai Ki-202 Kai 'Goryō' (御霊); 4th Sentai, 3rd Hikotai; Ozaki AB (Yamaguchi Prefecture), Japan; April 1946 (Whif/Kitbashing/Luft '46) by dizzyfugu, on Flickr


This new engine necessitated a slightly widened exhaust nozzle, and in the course of this modifications many detail refinements on prototypes #3 and 4 were made, including anti-flutter weights on the horizontal stabilizers and small wing fences.
In September 1945 this "new" aircraft eventually entered IJA service as "Ki-202 Kai", officially called 'Goryō' (御霊 - "Vengeful ghost") but also nicknamed 'Nezumi' (ネズミ - "Mouse") by its crews

The new type proved to be an immediate success. The Ki-202 Kai had a very good rate of climb, the short wings, coupled with a center-heavy CG due to the compact "pod and boom" layout, offered a very high manouverybility that was on par with contemporary Allied piston-engined fighters. As a bonus, its small size made the 'Goryō' a target which was hard to acquire or hit.

1:72 Kokusai Ki-202 Kai 'Goryō' (御霊); 4th Sentai, 3rd Hikotai; Ozaki AB (Yamaguchi Prefecture), Japan; April 1946 (Whif/Kitbashing/Luft '46) by dizzyfugu, on Flickr

1:72 Kokusai Ki-202 Kai 'Goryō' (御霊); 4th Sentai, 3rd Hikotai; Ozaki AB (Yamaguchi Prefecture), Japan; April 1946 (Whif/Kitbashing/Luft '46) by dizzyfugu, on Flickr



On the other side, the aircraft sported a powerful cannon armament (two fuselage-mounted 20 mm Ho-5 cannons, each with 150 RPG, plus two fuselage-mounted 30 mm Ho-155-II cannons, each with 50 RPG), and it was able to carry unguided air-to-air missiles under its wings, or two 150 L (40 US gal) drop tanks on either wing or a pair of 250 kg (550 lb) bombs.
On the downside, the Ne-330 engine had a very high fuel consumption rate, its throttle response was marginal, and its reliability was poor, especially in the initial production batches which suffered from material failures and lack of engineering experience.




General characteristics
    Crew: one
    Length: 8.96 m (29 ft 4 in)
    Wingspan: 9,74 m (31 ft 10 1/2 in)
    Height: 3,69 m (12 ft 1 in)
    Wing area: 17.5 m² (188 ft²)
    Empty weight: 2,380 kg (5,247 lb)
    Loaded weight: 4,300 kg (9,480 lb)

Powerplant:
    1× Ishikawajima Ne-330 engine with 12.75 kN/1.300 kgf of thrust

Performance
    Maximum speed: 855 km/h (531 mph)
    Stall speed: 140 km/h (92 knots, 106 mph) (power off, flaps down)
    Range: 1.250 km (673 nmi, 776 mi)
    Service ceiling: 14.000 m (45,932 ft)
    Rate of climb: 20,4 m/s (4,020 ft/min)
    Wing loading: 196 kg/m² (41 lb/ft²)
    Thrust/weight: 0.37

Armament
    2× 20 mm Ho-5 cannons with 150 RPG
    2× 30 mm Ho-155-II cannons with 50 RPG
    2× underwing hardpoints for up to 250 kg (551 lb) each
    (for racks with unguided missiles, drop tanks or bombs)



The kit and its assembly:
A spontaneous project, inspired by a similar build (in French livery, though) on whatifmodelers.com some time ago, and an interim project while I waited for ordered decals for another whif on the bench.
I had a surplus Ta 183 from PM Models in store, and eventually considered it for conversion. When I recently got hands on several PZL TS-11 'Iskra' trainers from Master Craft, I eventually got the inspiration (and parts!) I needed and decided to make a kitbash, retro-fitting the rather futuristic Ta 183 with straight wings and a tail boom.

1:72 Kokusai Ki-202 Kai 'Goryō' (御霊); 4th Sentai, 3rd Hikotai; Ozaki AB (Yamaguchi Prefecture), Japan; April 1946 (Whif/Kitbashing/Luft '46) - WiP by dizzyfugu, on Flickr

Conversion was rather straightforward, even though little from the Ta 183 was left: just the fuselage halves, air intake, canopy and parts of the landing gear. The Iskra 'donated' its wings and tail, as well as the front wheel.
Main wheels, cockpit interior, exhaust pipe and pilot figure come from the scrap box - noteworthy is the landing gear well interior. The PM kit just has a shallow, blank fairing - I cut that away and inserted parts from a jet engine (from a Revell F-16, the old kit which comes with a truck, trolley and a spare engine as props) - finally got use for these rather crude parts!

1:72 Kokusai Ki-202 Kai 'Goryō' (御霊); 4th Sentai, 3rd Hikotai; Ozaki AB (Yamaguchi Prefecture), Japan; April 1946 (Whif/Kitbashing/Luft '46) - WiP by dizzyfugu, on Flickr

1:72 Kokusai Ki-202 Kai 'Goryō' (御霊); 4th Sentai, 3rd Hikotai; Ozaki AB (Yamaguchi Prefecture), Japan; April 1946 (Whif/Kitbashing/Luft '46) - WiP by dizzyfugu, on Flickr

Some putty work was necessary at the fuselage/tail intersection, as well as at the wing roots, but overall the body work was rather quick and simple.

The packs of unguided missiles under the wings actually belong to the Matchbox BAC Strikemaster - I found an illustration of a similar arrangement on a Japanese rocket fighter, and they suit the 'Vengeful Ghost' well.

1:72 Kokusai Ki-202 Kai 'Goryō' (御霊); 4th Sentai, 3rd Hikotai; Ozaki AB (Yamaguchi Prefecture), Japan; April 1946 (Whif/Kitbashing/Luft '46) by dizzyfugu, on Flickr

1:72 Kokusai Ki-202 Kai 'Goryō' (御霊); 4th Sentai, 3rd Hikotai; Ozaki AB (Yamaguchi Prefecture), Japan; April 1946 (Whif/Kitbashing/Luft '46) by dizzyfugu, on Flickr


Painting and markings:
By tendency, I rather keep whifs' liveries simple and unspectacular - but I already have built some and want to avoid repetition. So I settled for an improvised camouflage scheme on bare metal, which I kept for the lower sides. AFAIK, such makeshift paint schemes were pretty common, and since no primer was used, quickly deteriorated.

1:72 Kokusai Ki-202 Kai 'Goryō' (御霊); 4th Sentai, 3rd Hikotai; Ozaki AB (Yamaguchi Prefecture), Japan; April 1946 (Whif/Kitbashing/Luft '46) - WiP by dizzyfugu, on Flickr

To keep things simple I painted the finished model with Metallizer from Modelmaster, with different tones in selected areas (e. g. Aluminum Plate, Steel). After that I applied a thin coat of Humbrol 172 with a soft, broad brush on the upper surfaces, the waterline on the flanks masked with Tamiya tape. The metal below was to shine through, streaks were welcome, so that the finish became willingly uneven (and more interesting). This was later enhanced with some dry-brushed Humbrol 102 on top of that.

1:72 Kokusai Ki-202 Kai 'Goryō' (御霊); 4th Sentai, 3rd Hikotai; Ozaki AB (Yamaguchi Prefecture), Japan; April 1946 (Whif/Kitbashing/Luft '46) - WiP by dizzyfugu, on Flickr

1:72 Kokusai Ki-202 Kai 'Goryō' (御霊); 4th Sentai, 3rd Hikotai; Ozaki AB (Yamaguchi Prefecture), Japan; April 1946 (Whif/Kitbashing/Luft '46) - WiP by dizzyfugu, on Flickr


For more contrast, I added white Homeland Defence bands under the Hinomaru markings on wings and fuselage. These were cut from white decal sheet, not painted, and the Hinomaru placed on top of that. The yellow bands on the wings' ledaing edges are decals, too, a very effective method! The other few markings came from AeroMaster Decals and Microscale sheets.

Weathering included, beyond a wash with thinned black ink, a light sand paper treatment on the leading edges and in areas with much external contact, for an even shaggier look, and some grinded graphite was rubbed onto the bare metal surfaces for a worn look and some extra metal shine.

Interior surfaces were painted with Aodake Iro from Modelmaster, and also treated with black ink for more depth and contrast, esp. the faked new engine part inside of the landing gear well.

Finally, everything was sealed under a coat of semi-gloss acryl varnish.

1:72 Kokusai Ki-202 Kai 'Goryō' (御霊); 4th Sentai, 3rd Hikotai; Ozaki AB (Yamaguchi Prefecture), Japan; April 1946 (Whif/Kitbashing/Luft '46) by dizzyfugu, on Flickr

1:72 Kokusai Ki-202 Kai 'Goryō' (御霊); 4th Sentai, 3rd Hikotai; Ozaki AB (Yamaguchi Prefecture), Japan; April 1946 (Whif/Kitbashing/Luft '46) by dizzyfugu, on Flickr


A 'quickie', and the result looks a bit odd, IMHO - like a Saab 29 hatchling, maybe?

[The Big Gimper]

I bow to your greatness D-F. The TS-11 tail really changes the design / look of the entire aircraft.

[NARSES2]

Yet another fantastic model 

[Captain Canada]

Nice work ! Really dig that straight wing.

[nönöbär]

Cool! 

[TallEng]

Wonderful work as ever Dizzy
And to be honest with you, that looks a lot
More like an early jet than the actual ta183 does
To me a Ta183 looks too advanced for early jet engines
Where as your KI-202 does look like it would manage to wobble
Into the air under the power of an early jet.

Regards
Keith

[Dizzyfugu]

Thank you very much! Totally agree about the looks - and that was part of the objective. It was a bit of an experiment of how a "downgraded" Ta 183 might have looked like. With the straught Iskra wings and long, slender tail that thing looks a bit odd, but plausible - and early Lavochkin jet designs had a similar look/layout, too.

[PR19_Kit]

Pure magic, that works SO well Thomas. 

[McGreig]

I read all the way through your post convinced that you had added a Ta-183 nose to a Special Hobby Blohm & Voss P-211, only to discover that you had done something much more interesting 
An excellent build, which really looks like it should have been real 

[McColm]

Stunning.

[CSMO]

Super cool! With the slab wing and pig snout, it looks like some of the Blohm & Voss Luftwaffe '46 paper projects.  "Cool Beans ". I like this one for a Whiffie Award. 

Adios, Larry.

[comrade harps]

That so looks the part! Nice weathered camo, too. Brilliant! 

[ChernayaAkula]

^ +1 to what the good comrade said! 

[Dizzyfugu]

Thanks a lot!!! 

[Tophe]

Belated congratulations!